Archaeological documentation shows that the first evidence of horses in China comes from the “Longshan culture? At Miaodigou (Henan Province), several fire pits dating at about 5000 BCE were excavated and found to contain the remains of horses. The accepted theory is that these horses were used for domestic purposes as well as for mystical sacrifices.

Horses were not only used for military purposes but for recreation as well. From the early Han Period (202 BCE to 220 CE), to the late Tang Dynasty (618-907 CE) dancing dressage horses performed for emperors. Also during the Tang Dynasty, polo and hunting became very popular for both men and women of all ages and social status. Hunt and polo scenes are a common theme for paintings and art of this period.

The Mongolians, led by Genghis Khan (approx. 1162-1227 CE) began their crusade to conquer China in 1207. The Mongolian’s traditionally led a nomadic way of life and the horse made the life of a nomadic herdsman possible. Their influence on Chinese art reflects this nomadic way of life. Mongolian artistic efforts were channeled into portable works of art such as, saddles, bridles and personal jewellery. Saddles were wonderful creations showing intricate creativity in metal castings, leather works, and embroidery. Even to this day, the Mongols spend much of their lives on horseback.